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Preamble
The members of the American Music Therapy
Association, Inc., hereby recognize and publicly accept the
proposition that the fundamental purposes of the profession are
the progressive development of the use of music to accomplish
therapeutic aims and the advancement of training, education, and
research in music therapy. Our objectives are to determine and
utilize music therapy approaches that effectively aid in the
restoration, maintenance, and improvement in mental and physical
health. To that end, we believe in the dignity and worth of every
person. We promote the use of music in therapy, establish and
maintain high standards in public service, and require of
ourselves the utmost in ethical conduct.
This Code of Ethics is applicable to all those
holding the MT-BC credential or a professional designation of the
National Music Therapy Registry and professional membership in
the American Music Therapy Association. This Code is also applicable to music therapy
students and interns under clinical supervision. We shall not use our
professional positions or relationships, nor permit ourselves or
our services to be used by others for purposes inconsistent with
the principles set forth in this document. Upholding our right to
freedom of inquiry and communication, we accept the
responsibilities inherent in such freedom: competency,
objectivity, consistency, integrity, and continual concern for
the best interests of society and our profession. Therefore, we
collectively and individually affirm the following declarations
of professional conduct.
1.0 Professional Competence and
Responsibilities
1.1 The MT will perform only those duties
for which he/she has been adequately trained, not engaging
outside his/her area of competence.
1.2 The MT will state his/her
qualifications, titles, and professional affiliation(s)
accurately.
1.3 The MT will participate in continuing
education activities to maintain and improve his/her
knowledge and skills.
1.4 The MT will assist the public in
identifying competent and qualified music therapists and will
discourage the misuse and incompetent practice of music
therapy.
1.5 The MT is aware of personal
limitations, problems, and values that might interfere with
his/her professional work and, at an early stage, will take
whatever action is necessary (i.e., seeking professional
help, limiting or discontinuing work with clients, etc.) to
ensure that services to clients are not affected by these
limitations and problems.
1.6 The MT respects the rights of others to
hold values, attitudes, and opinions that differ from his/her
own.
1.7 The MT does not engage in sexual
harassment.
1.8 The MT accords sexual harassment
grievants and respondents dignity and respect, and does not
base decisions solely upon their having made, or having been
the subject of, sexual harassment charges.
1.9 The MT practices with integrity,
honesty, fairness, and respect for others.
1.10 The MT delegates to his/her employees,
students, or co-workers only those responsibilities that such
persons can reasonably be expected to perform competently on
the basis of their training and experience. The MT takes
reasonable steps to see that such persons perform services
competently; and, if
institutional policies prevent fulfillment of
this obligation, the MT attempts to correct the situation to the
extent feasible.
2.0 General Standards
2.1 The MT will strive for the highest
standards in his/her work, offering the highest quality of
services to clients/students.
2.2 The MT will use procedures that conform
with his/her interpretation of the Standards of Clinical Practice
of the American Music Therapy Association, Inc.
2.3 Moral and Legal Standards
2.3.1 The MT respects the social and moral
expectations of the community in which he/she works. The MT
is aware that standards of behavior are a personal matter as
they are for other citizens, except as they may concern the
fulfillment of professional duties or influence the public
attitude and trust towards the profession.
2.3.2 The MT refuses to participate in
activities that are illegal or inhumane, that violate the
civil rights of others, or that discriminate against
individuals based upon race, ethnicity, language, religion,
marital status, gender, sexual orientation, age, ability,
socioeconomic status, or political affiliation. In addition,
the MT works to eliminate the effect on his or her work of
biases based upon these factors.
3.0 Relationships with
Clients/Students/Research Subjects
3.1 The welfare of the client will be of utmost
importance to the MT.
3.2 The MT will protect the rights of the
individuals with whom he/she works. These rights will include,
but are not limited to the following:
- - right to safety;
- - right to dignity;
- - legal and civil rights;
- - right to treatment;
- - right to self-determination;
- - right to respect; and
- - right to participate in treatment
decisions.
3.3 The MT will not discriminate in
relationships with clients/students/research subjects because of
race, ethnicity, language, religion, marital status, gender,
sexual orientation, age, ability, socioeconomic status or
political affiliation.
3.4 The MT will not exploit
clients/students/research subjects sexually, physically,
financially or emotionally.
3.5 The MT will not enter into dual
relationships with clients/students/research subjects and will
avoid those situations that interfere with professional judgment
or objectivity (e.g., those involving competitive and/or
conflicting interests) in their relationships.
3.6 The MT will exert caution in predicting the
results of services offered, although a reasonable statement of
prognosis and/or progress may be made. The MT will make only
those claims to clients concerning the efficacy of services that
would be willingly submitted for professional scrutiny through
peer review, publication in a professional journal, or
documentation in the client's record.
3.7 The MT will offer music therapy services
only in the context of a professional relationship and in a
setting which insures safety and protection for both client and
therapist. The MT will avoid deception in representations of
music therapy to the public.
3.8 The MT will inform the client and/or
guardian as to the purpose, nature, and effects of assessment and
treatment.
3.9 The MT will use every available resource to
serve the client best.
3.10 The MT will utilize the profession's
Standards of Practice as a guideline in accepting or declining
referrals or requests for services, as well as in terminating or
referring clients when the client no longer benefits from the
therapeutic relationship.
3.11 In those emerging areas of practice for
which generally recognized standards are not yet defined, the MT
will nevertheless utilize cautious judgment and will take
reasonable steps to ensure the competence of his/her work, as
well as to protect clients, students, and research subjects from
harm.
3.12 Confidentiality
3.12.1 The MT protects the confidentiality
of information obtained in the course of practice,
supervision, teaching, and/or research.
3.12.2 In compliance with federal, state
and local regulations and organizational policies and
procedures, confidential information may be revealed under
circumstances which include but are not limited to:
a. when, under careful deliberation, it
is decided that society, the client, or other individuals
appear to be in imminent danger. In this situation,
information may be shared only with the appropriate
authorities, professionals or others. The client is made
aware of this when possible and if reasonable.
b. when other professionals within a
facility or agency are directly related with the case or
situation.
c. when the client consents to the
releasing of confidential information.
d. when compelled by a court or administrative order
or subpoena, provided such order or subpoena is valid and served in
accordance with applicable law.
3.12.3 The MT informs clients of the limits
of confidentiality prior to beginning treatment.
3.12.4 The MT disguises the identity of the
client in the presentation of case materials for research and
teaching. Client or guardian consent is obtained, with full
disclosure of the intended use of the material.
3.12.5 All forms of individually
identifiable client information, including, but not limited
to verbal, written, audio, video and digital will be acquired with the informed client or guardian
consent and will be maintained in a confidential manner by
the MT. Also, adequate security will be exercised in the
preservation and ultimate disposition of these records.
3.12.6 Information obtained in the course
of evaluating services, consulting, supervision, peer review,
and quality assurance procedures will be kept confidential.
4.0 Relationships with Colleagues
4.1 The MT acts with integrity in regard to
colleagues in music therapy and other professions and will
cooperate with them whenever appropriate.
4.2 The MT will not offer professional services
to a person receiving music therapy from another music therapist
except by agreement with that therapist or after termination of
the client's relationship with that therapist.
4.3 The MT will attempt to establish harmonious
relations with members from other professions and professional
organizations and will not damage the professional reputation or
practice of others.
4.4 The MT will share with other members of the
treatment team information concerning evaluative and therapeutic
goals and procedures used.
5.0 Relationship with Employers
5.1 The MT will observe the regulations,
policies, and procedures of employers with the exception of those
that are in violation of this code of ethics.
5.2 The MT will inform employers of conditions
that may limit the effectiveness of the services being rendered.
5.3 When representing the employer or agency,
the MT will differentiate personal views from those of the
profession, the employer, and the agency.
5.4 The MT will provide services in an ethical
manner and will protect the property, integrity, and reputation
of the employing agency.
5.5 The MT will utilize the agency's facilities
and resources only as authorized.
5.6 The MT will not use his/her position to
obtain clients for private practice, unless authorized to do so
by the employing agency.
6.0 Responsibility to Community/Public
6.1 The MT will strive to increase public
awareness of music therapy.
6.2 The MT engaged in a private practice or
business will abide by federal, state and local regulations
relevant to self-employment including but not limited to
professional liability, registering and maintaining a business,
tax codes and liability, confidentiality and reimbursement.
7.0 Responsibility to the
Profession/Association
7.1 The MT respects the rights, rules, and
reputation of his/her professional association.
7.2 The MT will distinguish personal from
professional views when acting on behalf of his/her association.
The MT will represent the association only with appropriate
authorization.
7.3 The MT will strive to increase the level of
knowledge, skills, and research within the profession.
7.4 The MT will refrain from the misuse of an
official position within the association.
7.5 The MT will exercise integrity and
confidentiality when carrying out his/her official duties in the
association.
8.0 Research
8.1 The MT establishes a precise agreement with
research subjects prior to their participation in the study. In
this agreement, the responsibilities and rights of all parties
are explained, and written consent is obtained. The MT explains
all aspects of the research that might influence the subject's
willingness to participate, including all possible risks and
benefits. The MT will avoid any deception in research.
8.2 Participation of subjects in music therapy
research will be voluntary. To ensure ethical research practices, appropriate
authorization will be obtained from the subjects involved (or specified and/or
legal guardians) and the facility's Institutional Review Board or other similar
consulting agency. The subject is free to refuse to participate or to
withdraw from the research at any time without penalty or loss of services.
8.3 The MT is ultimately responsible for
protecting the welfare of the research subjects, both during and
after the study, in the event of aftereffects, and will take all
precautions to avoid injurious psychological, physical, or social
effects to the subjects.
8.4 The MT will store data, including written,
audio, video, digital, or artistic media, in a secure location accessible to the
researcher and authorized members of the research team. The researcher and
authorized members of the research team will determine a set period of time
after completion of the study by which all research data must be shredded or
erased. The researcher or the research team may apply for a waiver
allowing creation of a database given informed consent of participants.
8.5 The MT will be competent in his/her
research efforts, being cognizant of his/her limits.
8.6 The MT will present his/her findings
without distortion and in a manner that will not be misleading.
8.7 Publication Credit
8.7.1 Credit is assigned only to those who have
contributed to a publication, in proportion to their
contribution.
8.7.2 Major contributions of a professional
nature made by several persons to a common project will be
recognized by joint authorship.
8.7.3 Minor contributions such as editing or
advising, will be recognized in footnotes or in an introductory
statement.
8.7.4 Acknowledgment through specific citations
will be made for unpublished as well as published material that
has directly influenced the research or writing.
8.7.5 The MT who compiles and edits for
publication the contribution of others will publish the symposium
or report under the title of the committee or symposium, with the
therapist's name appearing as chairperson or editor among those
of the other contributors or committee members.
9.0 Fees and Commercial Activities
9.1 The MT accepts remuneration only for
services actually rendered by himself or herself or under his or
her supervision and only in accordance with professional
standards that safeguard the best interest of clients and the
profession.
9.2 The MT will not take financial advantage of
a client. The MT will take into account the client's ability to
pay. Financial considerations are secondary to the client's
welfare.
9.3 Private fees may not be accepted or charged
for services when the MT receives remuneration for these services
by the agency.
9.4 No gratuities, gifts or favors should be
accepted from clients that could interfere with the MT's
decisions or judgments.
9.5 Referral sources may not receive a
commission fee, or privilege for making referrals
(fee-splitting).
9.6 The MT will not engage in commercial
activities that conflict with responsibilities to clients or
colleagues.
9.7 The materials or products dispensed to
clients should be in the client's best interest, with the
client's having the freedom of choice. The MT will not profit
from the sale of equipment/materials to clients. Charges for any
materials will be separate from the bill for services.
10.0 Announcing Services
10.1 The MT will adhere to professional rather
than commercial standards in making known his or her availability
for professional services. The MT will offer music therapy
services only in a manner that neither discredits the profession
nor decreases the trust of the public in the profession.
10.2 The MT will not solicit clients of other
MT's.
10.3 The MT will make every effort to ensure
that public information materials are accurate and complete in
reference to professional services and facilities.
10.4 The MT will avoid the following in
announcing services: misleading or deceptive advertising,
misrepresentation of specialty, guarantees or false expectations,
and the use of the Association's logo.
10.5 The MT will differentiate between private
practice and private music studio in announcing services.
10.6 The following materials may be used in
announcing services (all of which must be dignified in appearance
and content): announcement cards, brochures, letterhead, business
cards and the internet. The MT may include the following on these
materials: name, title, degrees, schools, dates, certification,
location, hours, contact information, and an indication of the
nature of the services offered.
10.7 Announcing services through the mail (to
other professionals), a listing in the telephone directory, or
the internet (i.e., email, website) are acceptable. No
advertisement or announcement will be rendered in a manner that
will be untruthful and/or deceive the public.
11.0 Education (Teaching, Supervision,
Administration)
11.1 The MT involved in teaching establishes a
program combining academic, research, clinical, and ethical
aspects of practice. The program will include a wide range of
methods and exposure to and application of current literature.
11.2 The MT involved in education and/or
supervision will use his/her skill to help others acquire the
knowledge and skills necessary to perform with high standards of
professional competence.
11.3 Theory and methods will be consistent with
recent advances in music therapy and related health fields. The
MT involved in education will teach new techniques or areas of
study only after first undertaking appropriate training,
supervision, study, and/or consultation from persons who are
competent in those areas or techniques.
11.4 The MT involved in the education of
students and internship training will ensure that clinical work
performed by students is rendered under adequate supervision by
other music therapists, other professionals, and/or the MT
educator.
11.5 The MT involved in education and/or
supervision will evaluate the competencies of students as
required by good educational practices and will identify those
students whose limitations impede performance as a competent
music therapist. The MT will recommend only those students for
internship or membership whom he/she feels will perform as
competent music therapists and who meet the academic, clinical,
and ethical expectations of the American Music Therapy
Association, Inc.
11.6 The MT involved in the education of
students and internship training will serve as an exemplary role
model in regard to ethical conduct and the enforcement of the
Code of Ethics.
11.7 The MT involved in education and training
will ensure that students and interns operate under the same
ethical standards that govern professionals.
12.0 Implementation
12.1 Confronting Ethical Issues
12.1.1 MT's have an obligation to be
familiar with this Code of Ethics.
12.1.2 When a MT is uncertain whether a
particular situation or course of action would violate this
Code of Ethics, the MT should consult with a member of the
Ethics Board.
12.1.3 A MT will not disobey this code,
even when asked to do so by his/her employer.
12.1.4 The MT has an obligation to report
ethical violations of this Code by other MT's to the Ethics
Board.
12.1.5 The MT does not report or encourage
reporting of ethics grievances that are frivolous and are
intended to harm the respondent rather than to protect the
public and preserve the integrity of the field of music
therapy.
12.1.6 The MT cooperates in ethics
investigations, proceedings, and hearings. Failure to
cooperate is, itself, an ethics violation.
12.1.7 Grievances may be reported by any
individual or group who has witnessed an apparent ethical
violation by a Music Therapist
12.1.8 Neither the Chair nor any other
member of the Ethics Board will take part in the informal or
formal resolution procedures if s/he has a conflict of
interest.
12.2 Informal Resolution of Ethical
Violations
12.2.1 Upon observing or becoming aware of
alleged violations of this Code of Ethics by an MT
(hereinafter referred to as the respondent), the observer
will consult first with the respondent involved and discuss
possible actions to correct the alleged violation when such
consultation is appropriate for the resolution of the ethical
violation. The MT should document these efforts at informal
resolution. In some instances, the individual consultation
between the observer and the respondent may be either
inappropriate or not feasible. In such instances (which may
include, but are not limited to: sexual harassment, fear of
physical retaliation, and imminent threats to the observer's
employment), the observer should file a formal grievance with
an explanation of the reason why individual consultation was
not appropriate or feasible.
12.3 Formal Resolution of Ethical Violations
12.3.1 If an apparent ethical violation is
not appropriate for informal resolution or is not resolved
through consultation, the observer (herein referred to as the
grievant) will submit a written report (herein referred to as
the grievance) describing the alleged violation(s) to a
member of the Ethics Board. The written report will consist
of the following: (a) a signed, dated summary, not longer
than one page, of the principle allegations (hereinafter
referred to as the charge) against the respondent; (b) a
thorough explanation of the alleged violation(s); (c) a
summary of informal resolution attempts, when such have been
made; and (d) collaborative documentation, including signed
statements by witnesses, if available.
12.3.2 The grievance must be made within
one year of the last instance of the alleged violation(s) of
this code.
12.3.3 Upon receipt of the grievance by the
member of the Ethics, the member in consultation with the
Ethics Chairperson and the Executive Director of AMTA will
advise the MT respondent, in writing and within 45 days, that
an ethics grievance has been made against him/her. Included
in this notification will be a copy of the signed charge. The
Ethics Board member will invite the respondent to submit a
written defense within 60 days, including corroborative
documentation and/or signed statements by witnesses, if
available.
12.3.4 The Ethics Chairperson, or his/her
designee from the Ethics Board, will conduct an initial
inquiry into the grievance to confirm (a) the seriousness of
the charge and (b) the possibility of resolution of the issue
without a formal hearing.
12.3.5 After the initial inquiry, the
Ethics Chairperson or designee may, at his or her discretion,
negotiate a resolution to the grievance that will be
presented in writing to the grievant and the respondent. If
both parties agree to this resolution, they will sign and
abide by the terms therein stated.
12.3.6 The initial inquiry by the Ethics
Chairperson or designee, and negotiated attempts at a
resolution, will be conducted within 45 days following
receipt of the respondent's defense.
12.3.7 If agreement to a negotiated
resolution is not reached, or if 45 days have passed
following receipt of the respondent's defense, the Ethics
Chairperson will initiate the formal procedure. At that time
the Ethics Chairperson will inform in writing the Ethics
Board, the Executive Director of AMTA, the President of AMTA,
the grievant, and the respondent that the formal hearing
procedure has begun and appoint a chair for the hearing
panel.
12.4 Group Grievances
12.4.1 If the Ethics Chairperson or
designee receives more than one grievance related in a
substantive way against the same party, the chair or designee
may choose to combine the grievances into a single grievance,
as long as there is no objection to such combination by the
individual grievants. In this instance, the procedure
heretofore established will remain the same.
12.4.2 If two or more individuals report a
grievance against the same party, they may report a group
grievance. This will be handled as a single grievance,
following established procedures.
12.4.3 An employing agency may charge a MT
with a violation of this Code of Ethics in the same manner as
an individual grievant does so. The employing agency will
appoint a representative to function in the role of grievant.
12.5 Corrective Actions
12.5.1 If the individual takes no
corrective action within the designated time-limit, the panel
chair will reconvene the hearing panel to determine
recommended sanctions to the Executive Board for action.
Possible sanctions may include, but are not limited to:
(a)
permanent or time-specific withdrawal of an individual's
membership in the Association;
(b) rehabilitative activity,
such as personal therapy;
(c) a binding agreement by the
respondent to conform his/her practice, education/training methods, or
research methods to AMTA rules and guidelines;
(d) a written reprimand;
(e) recommendation to the
National Music Therapy Registry or the Certification Board
for Music Therapists (as appropriate) for the withdrawal of
professional designation or credential. The MT may appeal the
decision of the Ethics Board to the Judicial Review Board.
Current as of 11/09
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